Powerflow solver class considering power mismatch and voltages in polar coordinates. More...

#include <PFSolverPowerPolar.h>

Inheritance diagram for DPsim::PFSolverPowerPolar:

Collaboration diagram for DPsim::PFSolverPowerPolar:

Public Member Functions
	PFSolverPowerPolar (CPS::String name, const CPS::SystemTopology &system, CPS::Real timeStep, CPS::Logger::Level logLevel)
	Constructor to be used in simulation examples.

virtual	~PFSolverPowerPolar ()

Public Member Functions inherited from DPsim::PFSolver
	PFSolver (CPS::String name, CPS::SystemTopology system, Real timeStep, CPS::Logger::Level logLevel)
	Constructor to be used in simulation examples.

virtual	~PFSolver ()

void	setVDNode (CPS::String name)
	Set a node to VD using its name.

void	modifyPowerFlowBusComponent (CPS::String name, CPS::PowerflowBusType powerFlowBusType)
	Allows to modify the powerflow bus type of a specific component.

void	setSolverAndComponentBehaviour (Solver::Behaviour behaviour) override
	set solver and component to initialization or simulation behaviour

void	setKeepLastSolution (CPS::Bool keepLastSolution)

void	setEnforceReactiveLimits (CPS::Bool value)
	Enable generator reactive-limit enforcement (PV<->PQ outer loop)

void	setBaseVoltageLooseTolerance (CPS::Real tolerance)
	Raise for grids with legitimate large voltage drop (e.g. untapped feeders)

void	setBaseVoltageStrictTolerance (CPS::Real tolerance)
	Override the tolerance between authoritative base-voltage sources within a zone.

CPS::Bool	getKeepLastSolution () const

void	setBaseApparentPowerFallback (CPS::Real baseApparentPowerFallback)

CPS::Real	getBaseApparentPowerFallback () const

void	setMaxIterations (CPS::UInt maxIterations)

CPS::UInt	getMaxIterations () const

Public Member Functions inherited from DPsim::Solver
	Solver (String name, CPS::Logger::Level logLevel)

virtual	~Solver ()

void	setTimeStep (Real timeStep)

void	doFrequencyParallelization (Bool freqParallel)

virtual void	setSystem (const CPS::SystemTopology &system)

void	setSystemMatrixRecomputationMode (SystemMatrixRecomputationMode mode)
	Set the system-matrix recomputation mode.

void	doSystemMatrixRecomputation (Bool value)

void	setLogSolveTimes (Bool value)

void	doSteadyStateInit (Bool f)
	activate steady state initialization

void	setSteadStIniTimeLimit (Real v)
	set steady state initialization time limit

void	setSteadStIniAccLimit (Real v)
	set steady state initialization accuracy limit

void	doInitFromNodesAndTerminals (Bool f)
	activate powerflow initialization

virtual void	setDirectLinearSolverConfiguration (DirectLinearSolverConfiguration &)
	set direct linear solver configuration (only available in MNA for now)

virtual void	logLUTimes ()
	log LU decomposition times, if applicable

virtual void	log (Real time, Int timeStepCount)
	Log results.

void	setMaxNumberOfIterations (int maxIterations)

Protected Member Functions
void	generateInitialSolution (Real time, bool keep_last_solution=false) override
	Generate initial solution for current time step.

void	calculateJacobian () override
	Calculate the Jacobian.

void	updateSolution () override
	Update solution in each iteration.

void	setSolution () override
	Set final solution.

void	calculateMismatch () override
	Calculate mismatch.

void	resize_sol (CPS::Int n)
	Resize solution vector.

void	resize_complex_sol (CPS::Int n)
	Resize complex solution vector.

CPS::Real	sol_Vr (CPS::UInt k)
	Calculate real part of voltage from sol_V and sol_D.

CPS::Real	sol_Vi (CPS::UInt k)
	Calculate imaginary part of voltage from sol_V and sol_D.

CPS::Complex	sol_Vcx (CPS::UInt k)
	Calculate complex voltage from sol_V and sol_D.

CPS::Real	P (CPS::UInt k)
	Calculate active power at a bus from current solution.

CPS::Real	Q (CPS::UInt k)
	Calculate the reactive power at a bus from current solution.

void	calculatePAndQAtSlackBus ()
	Calculate P and Q at slack bus from current solution.

void	calculateQAtPVBuses ()
	Calculate the reactive power at all PV buses from current solution.

CPS::Real	generatorReactivePowerPerUnit (CPS::TopologicalNode::Ptr node)
	Generator reactive-power injection at a bus [pu], used by the Q-limit check.

CPS::Real	loadReactivePowerPerUnit (CPS::TopologicalNode::Ptr node)
	Total local load reactive power at a bus [pu].

CPS::Bool	enforceReactiveLimits () override
	Q-limit PV<->PQ switching pass (overrides the base no-op)

void	clearReactiveLimitState () override
	Clear the Q-limit conversion bookkeeping between solves.

void	calculatePAndQInjectionPQBuses ()
	Calculate complex power flowing from this node to the other nodes.

void	calculateBranchFlow ()
	Calculate branch flows from current solution and store them in line and transformer components.

void	calculateNodalInjection ()
	Calculate nodal power injections and store them in first line or transformer (in case no line is connected), so that lower level classes (Node, TopologicalTerminal) can stay untouched.

Protected Member Functions inherited from DPsim::PFSolver
void	initialize () override
	Initialization of the solver.

void	initializeComponents ()
	Initialization of individual components.

void	assignMatrixNodeIndices ()
	Assignment of matrix indices for nodes.

void	setBaseApparentPower ()
	Set apparent base power of per-unit system.

void	determinePFBusType ()
	Determine bus type for all buses.

void	rebuildBusIndexAggregates ()
	Rebuild index vectors + counts from the PQ/PV/VD node lists.

void	reclassifyBuses ()
	Re-derive index vectors and resize the system after PV<->PQ switching.

void	resetToOriginalClassification ()
	Restore the original PV/PQ classification before a fresh solve.

CPS::Real	componentBaseVoltage (CPS::TopologicalPowerComp::Ptr comp, CPS::TopologicalNode::Ptr node)
	Base voltage a single component reports for `node`, or 0 if unknown.

void	propagateAndVerifyBaseVoltage ()
	Determine, verify and propagate each node's base voltage per electrical zone.

void	composeAdmittanceMatrix ()
	Compose admittance matrix.

CPS::Real	G (int i, int j)
	Gets the real part of admittance matrix element.

CPS::Real	B (int i, int j)
	Gets the imaginary part of admittance matrix element.

Bool	solvePowerflow ()
	Solves the powerflow problem.

Bool	runNewtonRaphson ()
	Run a single Newton-Raphson solve with the current bus classification.

virtual void	setUpJacobianStorage ()
	Allocate Jacobian storage; dense by default, sparse subclass overrides.

virtual void	solveJacobianSystem ()
	Solve the linearized system mJ*mX = mF into mX; sparse subclass overrides.

CPS::Bool	checkConvergence ()
	Check whether below tolerance.

CPS::String	logVector (std::vector< CPS::UInt > indexVector)
	Logging for integer vectors.

CPS::Task::List	getTasks () override
	Get tasks for scheduler.

Protected Attributes
CPS::Vector	sol_P
	Solution vector of active power.

CPS::Vector	sol_Q
	Solution vector of reactive power.

CPS::Vector	sol_V
	Solution vector of voltage magnitude.

CPS::Vector	sol_D
	Solution vector of voltage angle.

CPS::VectorComp	sol_V_complex
	Solution vector of representing sol_V and sol_D as complex quantity.

CPS::VectorComp	sol_S_complex
	Solution vector of representing sol_P and sol_Q as complex quantity.

CPS::Vector	Pesp

CPS::Vector	Qesp

CPS::Vector	mLastConvergedV

CPS::Vector	mLastConvergedD

bool	mHasLastConvergedSolution = false

std::map< CPS::TopologicalNode::Ptr, bool >	mQLimitConvertedAtMax
	Buses switched PV->PQ by the Q-limit loop -> pinned at Qmax (true) or Qmin (false)

std::map< CPS::TopologicalNode::Ptr, CPS::UInt >	mQLimitSwitchCount
	Total PV<->PQ switches per bus over the solve (anti-oscillation cap)

Protected Attributes inherited from DPsim::PFSolver
UInt	mNumPQBuses = 0
	Number of PQ nodes.

UInt	mNumPVBuses = 0
	Number of PV nodes.

UInt	mNumVDBuses = 0
	Number of PV nodes.

UInt	mNumUnknowns = 0
	Number of unknowns, defining system dimension.

CPS::TopologicalNode::List	mPQBuses
	Vector of nodes characterized as PQ buses.

CPS::TopologicalNode::List	mPVBuses
	Vector of nodes characterized as PV buses.

CPS::TopologicalNode::List	mVDBuses
	Vector of nodes characterized as VD buses.

CPS::TopologicalNode::List	mPQBusesOrig
	Original PQ/PV classification (snapshot before Q-limit switching)

CPS::TopologicalNode::List	mPVBusesOrig

std::vector< CPS::UInt >	mPQBusIndices
	Vector with indices of PQ buses.

std::vector< CPS::UInt >	mPVBusIndices
	Vector with indices of PV buses.

std::vector< CPS::UInt >	mVDBusIndices
	Vector with indices of VD buses.

std::vector< CPS::UInt >	mPQPVBusIndices
	Vector with indices of both PQ and PV buses.

CPS::SparseMatrixCompRow	mY
	Admittance matrix.

CPS::Matrix	mJ
	Jacobian matrix.

CPS::Vector	mX
	Solution vector.

CPS::Vector	mF
	Vector of mismatch values.

CPS::SystemTopology	mSystem
	System list.

std::vector< std::shared_ptr< CPS::SP::Ph1::Transformer > >	mTransformers
	Vector of transformer components.

std::vector< std::shared_ptr< CPS::SP::Ph1::SolidStateTransformer > >	mSolidStateTransformers
	Vector of solid state transformer components.

std::vector< std::shared_ptr< CPS::SP::Ph1::SynchronGenerator > >	mSynchronGenerators
	Vector of synchronous generator components.

std::vector< std::shared_ptr< CPS::SP::Ph1::Load > >	mLoads
	Vector of load components.

std::vector< std::shared_ptr< CPS::SP::Ph1::PiLine > >	mLines
	Vector of line components.

std::vector< std::shared_ptr< CPS::SP::Ph1::Shunt > >	mShunts
	Vector of shunt components.

std::vector< std::shared_ptr< CPS::SP::Ph1::NetworkInjection > >	mExternalGrids
	Vector of external grid components.

std::vector< std::shared_ptr< CPS::SP::Ph1::AvVoltageSourceInverterDQ > >	mAverageVoltageSourceInverters
	Vector of average voltage source inverters.

std::map< CPS::TopologicalNode::Ptr, CPS::Real >	mBaseVoltageAtNode
	Map providing determined base voltages for each node.

Real	mTolerance = 1e-8
	Solver tolerance.

CPS::UInt	mMaxIterations = 20
	Maximum number of iterations.

CPS::UInt	mIterations
	Actual number of iterations.

CPS::Bool	mEnforceReactiveLimits = false
	Enforce generator reactive-power limits via PV<->PQ outer-loop switching.

CPS::UInt	mMaxOuterIterations = 10
	Maximum number of Q-limit outer iterations.

CPS::UInt	mMaxQLimitSwitchesPerBus = 2
	Maximum number of PV<->PQ switches per bus before it is frozen (anti-oscillation)

CPS::Real	mBaseVoltageLooseTolerance = 0.1
	Relative tolerance for non-authoritative (e.g. Load) base-voltage candidates vs. the zone's rating.

CPS::Real	mBaseVoltageStrictTolerance = 0.01
	Relative tolerance between authoritative base-voltage sources (generator/transformer/network-injection/VSI) within a zone.

CPS::Real	mBaseApparentPower
	Base power of per-unit system.

CPS::Real	mBaseApparentPowerFallback = 100e6
	Fallback base apparent power if no generator or transformer rating is found.

CPS::Bool	isConverged = false
	Convergence flag.

CPS::Bool	solutionInitialized = false
	Flag whether solution vectors are initialized.

CPS::Bool	solutionComplexInitialized = false
	Flag whether complex solution vectors are initialized.

CPS::Bool	mKeepLastSolution = false
	Use last converged solution as initial guess.

Protected Attributes inherited from DPsim::Solver
String	mName
	Name for logging.

CPS::Logger::Level	mLogLevel
	Logging level.

Bool	mLogSolveTimes = true
	Collect step time for logging.

CPS::Logger::Log	mSLog
	Logger.

Real	mTimeStep
	Time step for fixed step solvers.

Bool	mFrequencyParallel = false
	Activates parallelized computation of frequencies.

Real	mSteadStIniTimeLimit = 10
	steady state initialization time limit

Real	mSteadStIniAccLimit = 0.0001
	steady state initialization accuracy limit

Bool	mSteadyStateInit = false
	Activates steady state initialization.

Bool	mIsInInitialization = false
	Determines if solver is in initialization phase, which requires different behavior.

Bool	mInitFromNodesAndTerminals = true

SystemMatrixRecomputationMode	mSystemMatrixRecomputationMode
	Requested system-matrix recomputation mode.

Bool	mSystemMatrixRecomputationEnabled = false
	Effective system-matrix recomputation setting used by the solver.

Behaviour	mBehaviour = Solver::Behaviour::Simulation
	Solver behaviour initialization or simulation.

Additional Inherited Members
Public Types inherited from DPsim::Solver
enum	Behaviour { Initialization , Simulation }

enum class	SystemMatrixRecomputationMode { Auto , Enabled , Disabled }
	System-matrix recomputation mode for MNA solvers. More...

enum class	Type { MNA , DAE , NRP }

typedef std::shared_ptr< Solver >	Ptr

typedef std::vector< Ptr >	List

Public Attributes inherited from DPsim::Solver
int	mMaxIterations = 10

Detailed Description

Powerflow solver class considering power mismatch and voltages in polar coordinates.

Definition at line 17 of file PFSolverPowerPolar.h.

Constructor & Destructor Documentation

◆ PFSolverPowerPolar()

PFSolverPowerPolar::PFSolverPowerPolar	(	CPS::String	name,
		const CPS::SystemTopology &	system,
		CPS::Real	timeStep,
		CPS::Logger::Level	logLevel )

Constructor to be used in simulation examples.

Definition at line 17 of file PFSolverPowerPolar.cpp.

◆ ~PFSolverPowerPolar()

virtual DPsim::PFSolverPowerPolar::~PFSolverPowerPolar ( )

inlinevirtual

Definition at line 96 of file PFSolverPowerPolar.h.

Member Function Documentation

◆ calculateBranchFlow()

void PFSolverPowerPolar::calculateBranchFlow ( )

protected

Calculate branch flows from current solution and store them in line and transformer components.

I = Y * V

pf on branch [S_01; S_10] = [V_0 * conj(I_0); V_1 * conj(I_1)]

I = Y * V

pf on branch [S_01; S_10] = [V_0 * conj(I_0); V_1 * conj(I_1)]

Definition at line 381 of file PFSolverPowerPolar.cpp.

◆ calculateJacobian()

void PFSolverPowerPolar::calculateJacobian ( )

overrideprotectedvirtual

Calculate the Jacobian.

Implements DPsim::PFSolver.

Reimplemented in DPsim::PFSolverPowerPolarSparse.

Definition at line 191 of file PFSolverPowerPolar.cpp.

◆ calculateMismatch()

void PFSolverPowerPolar::calculateMismatch ( )

overrideprotectedvirtual

Calculate mismatch.

Implements DPsim::PFSolver.

Definition at line 175 of file PFSolverPowerPolar.cpp.

◆ calculateNodalInjection()

void PFSolverPowerPolar::calculateNodalInjection ( )

protected

Calculate nodal power injections and store them in first line or transformer (in case no line is connected), so that lower level classes (Node, TopologicalTerminal) can stay untouched.

Definition at line 406 of file PFSolverPowerPolar.cpp.

◆ calculatePAndQAtSlackBus()

void PFSolverPowerPolar::calculatePAndQAtSlackBus ( )

protected

Calculate P and Q at slack bus from current solution.

Definition at line 448 of file PFSolverPowerPolar.cpp.

◆ calculatePAndQInjectionPQBuses()

void PFSolverPowerPolar::calculatePAndQInjectionPQBuses ( )

protected

Calculate complex power flowing from this node to the other nodes.

Definition at line 651 of file PFSolverPowerPolar.cpp.

◆ calculateQAtPVBuses()

void PFSolverPowerPolar::calculateQAtPVBuses ( )

protected

Calculate the reactive power at all PV buses from current solution.

Definition at line 489 of file PFSolverPowerPolar.cpp.

◆ clearReactiveLimitState()

void PFSolverPowerPolar::clearReactiveLimitState ( )

overrideprotectedvirtual

Clear the Q-limit conversion bookkeeping between solves.

Reimplemented from DPsim::PFSolver.

Definition at line 646 of file PFSolverPowerPolar.cpp.

◆ enforceReactiveLimits()

CPS::Bool PFSolverPowerPolar::enforceReactiveLimits ( )

overrideprotectedvirtual

Q-limit PV<->PQ switching pass (overrides the base no-op)

Reimplemented from DPsim::PFSolver.

Definition at line 544 of file PFSolverPowerPolar.cpp.

◆ generateInitialSolution()

void PFSolverPowerPolar::generateInitialSolution	(	Real	time,
		bool	keep_last_solution = false )

overrideprotectedvirtual

Generate initial solution for current time step.

Implements DPsim::PFSolver.

Definition at line 23 of file PFSolverPowerPolar.cpp.

◆ generatorReactivePowerPerUnit()

CPS::Real PFSolverPowerPolar::generatorReactivePowerPerUnit ( CPS::TopologicalNode::Ptr node )

protected

Generator reactive-power injection at a bus [pu], used by the Q-limit check.

Definition at line 533 of file PFSolverPowerPolar.cpp.

◆ loadReactivePowerPerUnit()

CPS::Real PFSolverPowerPolar::loadReactivePowerPerUnit ( CPS::TopologicalNode::Ptr node )

protected

Total local load reactive power at a bus [pu].

Definition at line 525 of file PFSolverPowerPolar.cpp.

◆ P()

Real PFSolverPowerPolar::P ( CPS::UInt k )

protected

Calculate active power at a bus from current solution.

Definition at line 430 of file PFSolverPowerPolar.cpp.

◆ Q()

Real PFSolverPowerPolar::Q ( CPS::UInt k )

protected

Calculate the reactive power at a bus from current solution.

Definition at line 439 of file PFSolverPowerPolar.cpp.

◆ resize_complex_sol()

void PFSolverPowerPolar::resize_complex_sol ( CPS::Int n )

protected

Resize complex solution vector.

Definition at line 687 of file PFSolverPowerPolar.cpp.

◆ resize_sol()

void PFSolverPowerPolar::resize_sol ( CPS::Int n )

protected

Resize solution vector.

Definition at line 676 of file PFSolverPowerPolar.cpp.

◆ setSolution()

void PFSolverPowerPolar::setSolution ( )

overrideprotectedvirtual

Set final solution.

Implements DPsim::PFSolver.

Definition at line 327 of file PFSolverPowerPolar.cpp.

◆ sol_Vcx()

CPS::Complex PFSolverPowerPolar::sol_Vcx ( CPS::UInt k )

protected

Calculate complex voltage from sol_V and sol_D.

Definition at line 702 of file PFSolverPowerPolar.cpp.

◆ sol_Vi()

CPS::Real PFSolverPowerPolar::sol_Vi ( CPS::UInt k )

protected

Calculate imaginary part of voltage from sol_V and sol_D.

Definition at line 698 of file PFSolverPowerPolar.cpp.

◆ sol_Vr()

CPS::Real PFSolverPowerPolar::sol_Vr ( CPS::UInt k )

protected

Calculate real part of voltage from sol_V and sol_D.

Definition at line 694 of file PFSolverPowerPolar.cpp.

◆ updateSolution()

void PFSolverPowerPolar::updateSolution ( )

overrideprotectedvirtual

Update solution in each iteration.

Implements DPsim::PFSolver.

Definition at line 293 of file PFSolverPowerPolar.cpp.

Member Data Documentation

◆ mHasLastConvergedSolution

bool DPsim::PFSolverPowerPolar::mHasLastConvergedSolution = false

protected

Definition at line 38 of file PFSolverPowerPolar.h.

◆ mLastConvergedD

CPS::Vector DPsim::PFSolverPowerPolar::mLastConvergedD

protected

Definition at line 37 of file PFSolverPowerPolar.h.

◆ mLastConvergedV

CPS::Vector DPsim::PFSolverPowerPolar::mLastConvergedV

protected

Definition at line 36 of file PFSolverPowerPolar.h.

◆ mQLimitConvertedAtMax

std::map<CPS::TopologicalNode::Ptr, bool> DPsim::PFSolverPowerPolar::mQLimitConvertedAtMax

protected

Buses switched PV->PQ by the Q-limit loop -> pinned at Qmax (true) or Qmin (false)

Definition at line 81 of file PFSolverPowerPolar.h.

◆ mQLimitSwitchCount

std::map<CPS::TopologicalNode::Ptr, CPS::UInt> DPsim::PFSolverPowerPolar::mQLimitSwitchCount

protected

Total PV<->PQ switches per bus over the solve (anti-oscillation cap)

Definition at line 83 of file PFSolverPowerPolar.h.

◆ Pesp

CPS::Vector DPsim::PFSolverPowerPolar::Pesp

protected

Definition at line 32 of file PFSolverPowerPolar.h.

◆ Qesp

CPS::Vector DPsim::PFSolverPowerPolar::Qesp

protected

Definition at line 33 of file PFSolverPowerPolar.h.

◆ sol_D

CPS::Vector DPsim::PFSolverPowerPolar::sol_D

protected

Solution vector of voltage angle.

Definition at line 26 of file PFSolverPowerPolar.h.

◆ sol_P

CPS::Vector DPsim::PFSolverPowerPolar::sol_P

protected

Solution vector of active power.

Definition at line 20 of file PFSolverPowerPolar.h.

◆ sol_Q

CPS::Vector DPsim::PFSolverPowerPolar::sol_Q

protected

Solution vector of reactive power.

Definition at line 22 of file PFSolverPowerPolar.h.

◆ sol_S_complex

CPS::VectorComp DPsim::PFSolverPowerPolar::sol_S_complex

protected

Solution vector of representing sol_P and sol_Q as complex quantity.

Definition at line 30 of file PFSolverPowerPolar.h.

◆ sol_V

CPS::Vector DPsim::PFSolverPowerPolar::sol_V

protected

Solution vector of voltage magnitude.

Definition at line 24 of file PFSolverPowerPolar.h.

◆ sol_V_complex

CPS::VectorComp DPsim::PFSolverPowerPolar::sol_V_complex

protected

Solution vector of representing sol_V and sol_D as complex quantity.

Definition at line 28 of file PFSolverPowerPolar.h.

The documentation for this class was generated from the following files:

/__w/dpsim/dpsim/dpsim/include/dpsim/PFSolverPowerPolar.h
/__w/dpsim/dpsim/dpsim/src/PFSolverPowerPolar.cpp

Public Member Functions

Protected Member Functions

Protected Attributes

Additional Inherited Members

Detailed Description

Constructor & Destructor Documentation

◆ PFSolverPowerPolar()

◆ ~PFSolverPowerPolar()

Member Function Documentation

◆ calculateBranchFlow()

◆ calculateJacobian()

◆ calculateMismatch()

◆ calculateNodalInjection()

◆ calculatePAndQAtSlackBus()

◆ calculatePAndQInjectionPQBuses()

◆ calculateQAtPVBuses()

◆ clearReactiveLimitState()

◆ enforceReactiveLimits()

◆ generateInitialSolution()

◆ generatorReactivePowerPerUnit()

◆ loadReactivePowerPerUnit()

◆ P()

◆ Q()

◆ resize_complex_sol()

◆ resize_sol()

◆ setSolution()

◆ sol_Vcx()

◆ sol_Vi()

◆ sol_Vr()

◆ updateSolution()

Member Data Documentation

◆ mHasLastConvergedSolution

◆ mLastConvergedD

◆ mLastConvergedV

◆ mQLimitConvertedAtMax

◆ mQLimitSwitchCount

◆ Pesp

◆ Qesp

◆ sol_D

◆ sol_P

◆ sol_Q

◆ sol_S_complex

◆ sol_V

◆ sol_V_complex